Lashes & sashes
“Flapjack Tuesday” has generally been a day for maple syrup, these last few centuries up here in the Canadas. “Mardi Gras,” or “Shrove Tuesday” — the last day to party before Lent — must surely require some exuberance. The pancakes were, by tradition, made to use up the household supplies of eggs, milk & butter, & last year’s syrup, & other non-Lenten things. There may also be meat to get rid of, & what better way than by gobbling it all down. And alcohol, in its various permutations. Shrove Tuesday could be a lot of work.
Lent was harder in the old days. Dairy products were off the menu (should the point not yet be grasped). “Abstinence,” to our Catholic ancestors, was more like what we’d now call a very hard fast. And “fast” was starvation. In these northern climes, Lent fell conveniently towards the end of the winter — when we were running out of everything anyway. And the contrast, the vivid truth in the notion, “Drink for tomorrow we die!” — is lost on an age of homogeneity, with neither feasts nor fasts. The days & weeks & years go by in one continuous blur, upbeat as we can make it.
At the Quebec winter carnival, they still wear sometimes the old ceintures fléchées — the colourful woollen “arrow sashes,” in memory of the habitants of yore. In fact it was worn by the men of all classes, in styles not by rank but by region: Charlevoix, L’Assomption, Acadienne. It pulled one’s coat together, against the bitter winter cold; it stiffened one’s back for heavy labour. It was made by the ladies, for their men: in bright gorgeous patterns, by a method of finger weaving the Indians had taught them.
Knot it tightly to one side, & know that you are loved!
In Canada, let us think & pray for them, long gone under the asphalt. On Shrove Tuesday, we raise a toast to them; even now in mammonized Quebec. To them that understood Ash Wednesday. To them that knelt so timid before the Cross. To them that prayed, & perhaps yet pray, for the children of their children on the asphalt here below.
Today, the Church for our weakness asks very little of us. (The State asks far more.) And in my case, for the last time, I am asked to sacrifice anything at all. For next year I will be sixty, & however hale & hearty I might feel myself to be, I will be canonically exempted from any penitential diet. And in the modern way: because of a nice round arbitrary number.
I protest in the same way I did the other day at the Salvation Army thrift store. I bought a book for two dollars & the cashier — a rather pretty young thing — charged me only one-dollar-sixty.
“Why?” I asked, for as a journalist I am apt to ask stupid questions.
“I am giving you the senior citizens discount,” came the glib reply.
“How dare you,” was my unexpressed rejoinder.
Very little is expected of anyone any more. A friend, who has become strangely convinced of the most provocative Roman ecclesiological claims, “after a life on the lam from Jesus,” recently complained of how little his new Church demanded. He parodied this little as, “Please turn up for Mass occasionally, & drop a fiver in the basket. Or a ten if you can afford it.” And in return, immortality is yours, in a happyface heaven you’ll be sharing with the psychos because everyone is beautiful in his own way.
There is paradox in this: when people who have wrestled with their souls in the darkness, & dwelt in anguish under the weight of their own sins, confront the fey modernist lash. They think they have earned the cat o’nine tails, & they get a wet noodle. The paradox is, this increases their pain.
“Shrove Tuesday.” To be shriven is to make one’s Confession, be assigned one’s Penance, & receive the Absolution. To be freed of the weight of one’s sins. It was not all pancakes, meat, & drink. The lines were long, before the booths on Shrove Tuesday. The men with their caps & their hats in their hands.
The churches (Protestant & Catholic alike) emptied out when they ceased to expect much of people. They were full in those bad old days, when they made demands, of those whose lives were materially more demanding than ours have ever been, pitted as they were, often, directly against nature. And the churches will start filling again, when the demands resume. For I will tell gentle reader a great secret I have learnt from a long course of empirical observation. It is that modernists are people, too.
And people do not come to Christ as an “option.” Some had such fortune as to be born into His arms. But for the rest, they come when all their other options have expired. And they come not to argue, but to be told what to do.
Bind them with the sash, with the ceinture fléchée; with love, against the cold, for their heavy labour.
Even an atheist such as myself has observed people returning to the church (mosque, synagogue) when times are rough for them or a close family member. Or, as has been said, there are no atheists in fox holes. I prefer to believe that this is because us atheists are too smart to get into a fight. But I know that this is not true.
I have always thought it rather cynical for a person to deny the existence of God all their life and then to run looking for him only as a last resort. But, whatever provides comfort. And I give full credit to the church for welcoming these people in with open arms.
Good article David. And as my Polish co-worker says, happy Naleśniki Tuesday.
Correction. … My COCLA (Chief Ottawa Canon Law Adviser) writes:
“Not so fast, laddie. Fasting ends for you when you have completed your 59th year; abstinence remains till your dying day. And in any case, the law of penance binds on all, coming from God. The ecclesial precept is only a particularisation of the divine injunction. We all repent here, or hereafter; and as my spiritual director (now in Alberta) used to warn: ‘The souls in Purgatory get out, e-v-e-n-t-u-a-l-l-y’.”
The Canon in question would be No. 1252:
“The law of abstinence binds those who have completed their 14th year. The law of fasting binds those who have attained their majority, until the beginning of their 60th year. Pastors of souls & parents are to ensure that even those who by reason of their age are not bound by the law of fasting & abstinence, are taught the true meaning of penance.”
I wonder, as someone who has never fasted or abstained from anything, and yet wanting to celebrate my first Lenten time this year: what would a healthy, 24 year old who has attained his majority “give up”?
I assume there is more to this than the popular notions on the subject. As the Ash Wednesday Mass is only in a matter of hours I better get thinking.
What’s wrong with the senior’s discount? What bothers me is when the cashiers at the thrift store see an old gaffer like me with white hair, and then forget to apply the senior’s discount. What am I, made of money?
My daughter was in retail for some years, and said that with many customers you’re damned if you do, and damned if you don’t. Because the clerks can’t tell people to go burn in hell, they get abused about once a shift when on the cash. It’s much better to be in the stock room where only the mice can get nasty and squeak a little louder than usual.
For the past several years, I have abstained from unnecessary internet usage during Lent. It’s a difficult exercise, but very rewarding. Mr. Wright may find it a good way to prepare for Easter too.
Mark, I can tell you what we (my wife and I) have done since we joined the church lo those 3 years ago. Basically, it’s a vegan diet without the political stupidity. And it sounds a lot like what the old folk in David’s essay used to do.
No animal products (i.e. meat of any type, milk, cheese, eggs – now, in our case we eat eggs because we have chickens and think not eating their eggs would be unholy.) No sweets of any nature, no processed foods, no alcohol. If you can tolerate it, no caffeine (I can’t, so drink black coffee and black tea. My wife can’t do tea without milk, so she goes that far.)
For Ash Wednesday, they say two small meals which together cannot equal one full meal, and then a full meal at the end of the day.
Now, the best thing I ever gave up for Lent was any news of any type. Never really went back.
A proper fast being one meal and two collations — the latter essentially snacks in volume that, if combined, amount to less than one meal.
David’s COCLA is on the money, of course: penance suited to our age is obligatory for all of us. On that note, the practice of Friday mortification is still obligatory year-round. The custom of abstaining from flesh meat on Friday is Apostolic in origin, and for a host of inadequate reasons the modern prelates decided to leave the form of Friday penance to the discretion of the individual. The option to choose quickly came to be treated as an optional discipline, and this resulted in the practice becoming almost universally ignored. As the form of the penance is at the discretion of the individual these days, this White Anglo-Saxon Papist opts to stay faithful to what was done for 2,000 years.
Toma, when you say Friday mortification, are you referring to something above and beyond abstinence from meat on Fridays?
David, I have sent your typically wonderful essay out to a number of Catholic friends, and all have written back to say they were very well pleased.
Maineman is very kind.
To Mark: one’s first Lent will always be a mess, rather as one’s last will be. But I should think that is part of the purpose of Lent, or one of its many purposes. We try consciously to break habits on which we depend for our own comfort, in order to fix our minds on higher things, such as the Cross that stands between us & Heaven, & the Saviour who speaks to us from that definitive pulpit. The One who says, “Give up all that you have, & follow me.”
We make resolutions, & we break them. This is because we are weak, puny men. Any secularoid who has ever made New Year’s resolutions will know how they look by the end of January 2nd. And those who have kept them are often Nietzschean monsters of the Will.
(I think that’s why Ash Wednesday was elevated to such a status in the West: for we can all at least start well. At least get through the first day of Lent without significant breakdowns.)
I am most certainly not advocating taking one’s Lenten resolutions lightly. But as much or more is learnt from failure than success. For often success teaches nothing more than pride. We need Christ’s help to accomplish anything. “Thy Will be done” is for me, in my arrogance, the hardest part of the Lord’s Prayer to say: for I’m really rather partial to my own Will.
Lent is designed not to build one’s Will, but to break it. It is a great teacher of our own limitations. It teaches that we need help, & constantly reminds where to look for it: not to this world but to its Maker.
Let me add, in complement to what I wrote in the “Essay” above, though apparently in contradiction, that it is wise not to be too heroic, in starting. Do not try things you know you can’t do. Start modestly, with what you think you can master; build on modesty. Find out how hard it is to do things that you thought would be easy, before you attempt things that are hard.
For there is hierarchy in all things. There are Saints, verily. (“The authentic reformers of the Church & of society,” as Father Ratzinger called them.) But below them, there are those who know there are Saints, & thus that sanctity is possible. That is in itself a spiritual accomplishment: to get to the point where the Saints are visible, away from the place where there were no Saints. To get even so far, is not easy. But Lent is a great carriage, to put us in view of the Saints. “All aboard,” as they say.
Maineman, I meant that the rule of performing some kind of penance or mortification on Fridays throughout the year is still obligatory. Christ died on Good Friday, and with Him as our model we make a sacrifice on that day as well.
The Apostolic custom was for the Friday penance to take the form of abstaining from flesh meat. At different times in the past 2,000 years other penances were added and removed (e.g. to include all dairy products as well), but that core has remained constant.
In the modern era requirement to do some kind of Friday penance has been retained, but the form of the penance has been made optional. Sadly, the majority of folks applied the term “optional” not to the form of penance, but to the act of penance itself; consequently, most folks don’t perform any penance except perhaps during Lent. The obligation remains, it’s just not enforced or even talked about.
Lent in fact has a dual purpose. As David indicated, one purpose is to transform one’s hardened will into humble, sanctified version of itself. This is accomplished not merely by attempting difficult penances, but by spiritualizing them – by undertaking them with a motivation of love for God. We don’t want to denigrate doing them successfully, but we really are made of frail stuff; success is important, but more important is the sincere spirit in which they are undertaken.
Which leads to the other purpose: Lent is an opportunity to atone for our failings and to satisfy God’s justice. That is a point that this former Protestant initially had great trouble grasping: either we’re forgiven or we’re not, so why say we’re forgiven and then oblige us to make satisfaction? The answer is that the guilt is forgiven, but the need to repair the damage remains.
An illustration like the following helped me. Imagine I have a stupid moment and swipe $100 from David. Later after I’ve sobered up I feel awful, so I go back to David and confess what I did, tell him I feel terrible, and say that that I wish I’d never done it. Because it’s Lent and David has his own misdeeds to atone for, David says that for the sake of our friendship he’ll put the matter out of his mind and remember it no more. “But,” he’ll add, “you’ still need to pay back the $100.” The guilt was forgiven, but justice still needs to be satisfied.
Often enough when I do things that I wish I hadn’t there is not ready manner in which I can fix what I broke. Perhaps the moment of opportunity is irrevocably passed; perhaps the person I’ve offended has died. Lenten penance is also a gracious way to even the score a bit.
Another dimension of this occurs, from Toma’s illustration. David, supposing him harmless as dove but wise as serpent, may put Toma’s guilt entirely out of his mind. Yet he will also make a prudential note, not to leave money lying about when Toma is visiting. For it would be cruel to tempt him again.
“The observance of Lent is the very badge of Christian warfare. By it we prove ourselves not to be enemies of the cross of Christ. By it we avert the scourges of divine justice. By it we gain strength against the princes of darkness, for it shields us with heavenly help. Should mankind grow remiss in their observance of Lent, it would be a detriment to God’s glory, a disgrace to the Catholic religion, and a danger to Christian souls. Neither can it be doubted that such negligence would become the source of misery to the world, of public calamity, and of private woe.”
— Pope Benedict XIV, Non Ambigimus, 30 May 1741
I try to avoid giving up food or drink during Lent as that smacks of self-interested dieting. Giving up sugar and flour will cause weight loss, good health, and general physical well-being, which have nothing to do with atonement.
I heard a priest say in a sermon to give up for Lent being “harsh.” To me that means abstaining from being irritable, opinionated, nasty, vicious, full of hate, and delighting in hearing of the misfortunes of others. Avoiding being “harsh” is all the penance I can stand for such a long time period as 40 days. If Lent were longer, my head would probably swell and explode.
Toma, your illustration brought to mind the parable in Matt. 18 (vv 21-35). The relevant amount of our debt to God works out to about $3 billion according to one calculation I found, although of course the point was that it could not be calculated … A Catholic might say that’s quite a long time in Purgatory, as a Protestant, I say thank God for sending His Son to cover my debt! To take it back to your illustration, out of thankfulness to David for being so generous as to forgive my “mistake”, I would of course take him out to a very nice restaurant, or perhaps offer him another service of equivalent (or greater) worth. …
To take it all the way back to David’s original point, I couldn’t agree more with the column — any church that demands anything less than everything (for Christ) can only expect empty pews. “Present your body as a living sacrifice”, etc. To Viscount’s comment on dieting, I think giving up anything that we are too addicted to meets the criteria of a real fast — giving up enjoyable food may lead to weight loss, giving up being “harsh” may lead to a saintly demeanour and enhanced relationships, but they are still difficult to do. The attitude with which it is done is what is relevant – not to fast with an eye to any positive benefits but rather, to sacrifice some comfort (food/attitude/whatever) and practice some self-discipline, with a sacrificial focus not on oneself but on one’s Creator. A sacrificial attitude is a very foreign thing in a post-modern world!
Viscount Dochart. I knew it: modern faddish dieting has ruined attitudes about a tried and true Lenten practice.
This is the first Lent season I spend outside the US and when I read your comments I cannot avoid thinking of the extraordinary affluence available to most people living in North America. Here in Buenos Aires people take the garbage out at 8 p.m. Starting at about that time one can see people, often entire families, scavenging the garbage bags, sorting the contents: paper, carton, plastic, glass, etc. and putting them in makeshift carts. Those treasures are to be sold the next day for a few pennies per kilogram. Last night there was a “Martes de Carnaval” party in one of the luxurious apartment towers and someone threw away a barely touched can of pâté de foie gras. Two kids, a boy of about nine and his four or five year old little sister found it and sat on the curbside grabbing the loot and eating it with delight. It was about 32 degrees Celsius (90 F) so you can imagine the paste may have been a bit compromised to say the least.
I thought of that today during Ash Wednesday. This is a country run by Socialists now but there are myriads of children being exploited to sell stuff in the subway, do little chores for a penny or two, beg at churches, etc. I want a Lent lived for them. I am unemployed and penniless but I still have my apartment, eventually a translation or two will come my way and I will be able to pay my bills, etc. Yet I cannot stop thinking day and night of all the things we have to do to help the poor lead better lives, not richer but better lives. I only have questions and I can do nothing but wish I could do something, perhaps convince my rich friends up north to help me start a factory or something that would gainfully employ the fathers of those two little angels. Asphalt and garbage are going to be the memories of their childhood if they ever reach adulthood. Please pray for them and pray for me.
Perhaps Sola Gratia overlooks the “faith without works is dead” part of the equation of settling the debt. It is the grace of Christ that gives our acts of reparation their merit in satisfying God’s justice.
Now, an act of perfect contrition — rare indeed, but not impossible — rectifies matters in an instant; such was the case of the penitent thief on the cross. Imperfect contrition is what most of us manage, but the possibility is there.
Sola Gratia, I was not suggesting for a moment that other people stop eating favorite foods or drinking favorite drinks during Lent. It is just not what I would feel is a real penance.
Staying away from the fridge between meals for 40 days is not as hard for me to do as to refrain from calling the man in a car in front of me obscene names for failing to move forward quickly on a green light. To stop dreaming of decapitating the teenager who answers his cellphone in a theatre is very hard work, like driving impure thoughts away when a gorgeous woman forgets the virtue of modesty. Loudly complaining when asked to do something reasonable and necessary when I am very busy, is almost impossible for me to achieve.
Gluttony is good to curb for sure, but so is the constant desire to beat up all the vile idiots within proximity, including myself.
Makes sense Viscount! Just wanted to clarify that you weren’t saying that people who fast from food weren’t really fasting (didn’t think that was what you meant). I hear you on giving up being harsh – for myself, giving up a physical thing (eating) is much easier than giving up a mental thing (judging/harshness)!
Toma, you’re overlooking that salvation is only through faith — and a real, living faith produces works. So if you were forgiven, you had a real faith, and there will be real works. James was saying that a faith without works is no faith at all — “show me your faith without your deeds, and I by my deeds …”. That does not imply that deeds are what settles the debt. Acts of “perfect” contrition … no one is perfect (“all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God”) and can justify themselves. Once justified, and once the Spirit is at work in you, only then do things start to improve (not before). Slightly oversimplified, but that’s the outline at least.
This is what I find so encouraging about the development of Protestant doctrinal positions. By the time all the kinks are worked out, & the necessary qualifications have been supplied, & the overlooked Biblical texts have been acknowledged, we are right back to the original Catholic theological positions.
What remains is only centuries of dark, anti-Catholic bigotry. But that can be discarded in a blink of Christ’s eye.
Yes, with most Catholic doctrines, you can see that they are based somewhere in the truth, giving some historical legitimacy to their Protestant counterparts. …
Seriously though, I think this is part of what is referred to by washing our robes clean in Christ’s blood — the errors and judgements that we all cling to will be removed, and we will be left “spot-free”! I think there are millennia of non-Christian bigotry to wash away, and agree that parts of it have been directed at Catholicism — it’s a rare mud fight where one party comes away clean.
To Catino, I say you have my prayers for the children and yourself. Having traveled a bit, I come back to the US and thank God for what we have. But as for a man, a nation that lives for the moment and forgets God, will have a much harder time threading the eye of the needle.
As to Viscount Dochart’s point, mea culpa for I have suffered the same hardness of heart. This Lent I will try again to reform myself in Christ.